VAZ 2103

   Soviet RWD passenger car with a body "sedan". It is developed in cooperation with the firm Fiat (Italy) on the base model Fiat 124 and serially produced at the Volga Automobile Plant in 1972-1984 years. To export the "troika" was branded Lada 1500. Fiat 124, which is a series of prototype models of VAZ 2101 and 2103, was first introduced to the public in 1964, mass production began in Italy in 1966 om.Kogda signed an agreement on the draft WHA, it was agreed that the company will provide Fiat (apart from the technical design of the plant) All documentation for two cars, "normal" and "luxury." "Fiat" were offered turnkey solutions, already utilized in the production: as a car "normal» - Fiat 124, "luxury» - Fiat 125.Pervonachalno such offer Soviets took . But as more detailed work on the project it became clear that these two models are the "Fiat", despite the similarity of appearance, are, in general, is fundamentally different machines, each with a minimum uniform drugom.Naprimer, "125" model is superior " 124 "in size, with the" 124 "is equipped with a motor nizhnevalnym having rod valve train for 1200 cm3, and" 125 "- the engine with a pair of upper cam belt driven for 1600 bricks and power of 90" horses ". The chassis also significantly different, as "125" was made based on the obsolete Fiat brand in 1500, developed in the late 1950s. In particular - with spring rear suspension, soft and comfortable, but the archaic and demanded the development of the Union production of springs desired type, and the case is sufficiently "capricious" and challenging. "Dismantled, the Soviet delegation came to the conclusion that such a situation it is not could be arranged. She demanded to provide high - up to 80% - the unification of car number 1 and number 2, and - enter the machine number 1 overhead camshaft engine. From the Italian side of these requirements met strong resistance, especially with respect to changes in dvigatele.Delo that verhnevalny engine at 1.2 liters to "Fiat" has already been created, but as a promising innovation, which has not held a full check on the durability and reliability. For obvious reasons, to give their new products the company is not hotelo.Odnako in future negotiations consensus yet been found: finishing work on the motor verhnevalnomu conducted with Soviet engineers. On the same basis, and it created a power set at 1.5 liters, designed for car number 2.Nuzhno note created as a result of a car engine № 1 (1200 cubes) and remained essentially nedovedennym even at the stage of serial production. Because it has a relatively rapid wear cam (90 per cent share of 63,000 kilometers, average - 80), primarily due to the design flaws (high loading of the contact cam shaft and the valve lever, and insufficient supply of oil). On cars Fiat engine, this option is not primenyalsya.Chto for the machine number 2, then decided to leave the external appearance similar to the model of the "125", but to maximize commonality with the number 1.Priemlemym option was to use of the developments of the company "Fiat" to version of "124" model with upgraded decor - 124 Special («Spechyal"), while under development. Then work on two projects carried out in parallel with mutual influence, and get a result - got into the series in 1968 Fiat 124S and developed in 1972nd "troika" - if not backed up externally to each other, it is quite clearly resonated.

  In other words, Fiat 124S is not a prototype "three rubles" (as many think). They are different versions of the same car, and they worked out together and in parallel, but the development of the Soviet model of late by four years, which is understandable in the context of building a new car plant and the prevailing need to first learn the car number 1, the "norm" as a massive and necessary for initial mining tehnologii.Kak and appearance, construction of the "124" model has been changed, the designers were able to update the exterior of the car as compared to the reference "penny" and the Fiat 124. This is achieved through the brilliant extra finishing details that gave "three rubles" visual impression is obviously more upscale cars, as well as using a more spacious and comfortable interior. By the way, have often been observed that the exterior design was developed for the Soviet version, looked generally more successful and more modern than the one used by the Italians at Fiat 124S.Ofitsialno development of "three" was in the 1972nd, but in reality series production began only in early 1973 - th. First 1,500 cars built in the IV quarter of 1972, fitted with cabin on the model VAZ-2101 because of difficulties with the start of production "troechnyh" components to interior design. Produced them under the symbol VAZ-2103V (letter "B" means "time"). In the retail sale, they did not receive, and sold to employees of VAZ and related to the development predpriyatiy.Odnovremenno VAZ-2103 and was considered the best option to the versatile design of the type of the "troika" - the VAZ-2104. But because of the utilitarian wagon - hateful "workhorse" - decided to abandon the concept. However, in 1976, was made three "luxury touring", and one of these samples had the opportunity to work for seven years in the design center of the plant as commercials avto.Vposledstvii index in 2104 was given in a series of completely different car - station wagon based on VAZ-2105.72- strong drive "three" made it possible to achieve a "weave" for 17 seconds, making it the most dynamic of the production car of the Soviet period and the dynamics comparable with foreign counterparts on klassu.Razlichiya in finishing shops "three" and "penny" were significant. Headroom has increased by 15 mm, and the distance from the seat to the ceiling is 86 centimeters. The instrument panel with clock and - a legacy of sports Fiat Research - tachometer changed completely. On the floor there were carpets of thick fabric, improved the sound insulation and appearance. Were introduced additional lining of plastic, and thus inside the little room with the "naked" metal - in accordance with the standards of the 1970s. Trunk version of the "luxury" also had a great finish from plastika.Za twelve cars were produced 1304899 "third" model. For years, the VAZ-2103 is rightly regarded as a comfortable, dynamic and reliable car, and some fans believe it marks the most stylish and elegant model of "Lada" in history. Which replaced the "Six" was made before 2006 and is actively maintained in Russia and neighboring countries.